Institute of Medicine & National Academy of Engineering 
Reshaping the Graduate Education of Scientists and Engineers 

Are we producing too many Ph Ds? Does the current graduate education system adequately prepare science and engineering students for today’s marketplace? How do foreign students enter the picture? What should be the Ph D of the future? These and other questions are addressed in this book by a blue-ribbon panel of scientists and engineers. Recommendations are aimed at creating a new Ph D that would retain the existing strengths of the current system while substantially increasing the information available, the potential versatility of students, and the career options afforded to them by their Ph D education.