Jahir Aguirre Morales & Bertha Ramos Holguín 
Addressing the Basics of EFL Classrooms 
Key Elements for Pre-Service Teachers

This textbook is intended for pre-service English teachers who are beginning their teaching path. It examines the key aspects that can guide better a comprehension in their teaching contexts. In this textbook, the reader will find useful theoretical principles followed by a series of practical exercises. This textbook is divided into ten elements. Elements one and two focus on helpful terminology related to education. Elements three and four emphasize some of the factors that affect foreign language learning. Element five explores communicative competence. Element six suggests that depending on the context, there are diverse roles a teacher might assume to account for students' needs. Element seven emphasizes some of the Colombian educational policies pre-service teachers need to be aware of in order to adjust to their teaching contexts. Element eight provides insightful principles to teach in diverse contexts. Element nine is about teaching in rural contexts. The final element helps pre-service teachers reflect upon the importance of reviewing and reflecting. All of these aspects might meaningfully influence preservice teachers' pedagogical practices through reflection about classroom realities they may face.

Tabla de materias

INTRODUCTION
ELEMENT 1: HELPFUL TEACHING TERMINOLOGY-PART I
Education
Pedagogy
Didactics
Curriculum
Syllabus

ELEMENT 2: HELPFUL TEACHING TERMINOLOGY-PART II
Approach
Method
Procedure
Technique

ELEMENT 3: FACTORS THAT AFFECT FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING (FLL)-PART I
Some Factors that Affect FLL
Age
Language levels
Individual Variations

ELEMENT 4: FACTORS THAT AFFECT FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING (FLL)-PART II
Learning Styles
Learning Strategies
Aptitude
Tolerance of Ambiguity

ELEMENT 5: DEALING WITH COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE
Terminology Related to Communicative Competence
Communicative Competence
Main Components in Communicative Competence

ELEMENT 6: UNDERSTANDING TEACHERS’ ROLES
Factors that Affect the Roles Theachers Play
Teachers’ Characteristics

ELEMENT 7: COLOMBIAN ENGLISH LANGUAGE POLICIES
Main Colombian National Policies
Political Constitution of Colombia
General Law of Education (Law 115 of 1994)
National Bilingualism Program (NBP
Basic Learning Rights and Suggested Curriculum

ELEMENT 8: TEACHING IN DIVERSE CONTEXTS
Diversity
Some Principles to Teach in Diverse Contexts

ELEMENT 9: TEACHING IN RURAL CONTEXTS
Teaching in a Rural Contex
Rural Education
Rurality
Ruralities
Rural School
Multigrade
New School
Active Pedagogy
Rural Education Principles in Colombia

ELEMENT 10: THE IMPORTANCE OF REVIEWING AND REFLECTING
Reviewing
Reflecting

REVIEWING AND REFLECTING ABOUT WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

Sobre el autor

JAHIR AGUIRRE MORALES
Professor at Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC) in Tunja, Boyacá. He holds an M.A. in English Didactics from Universidad de Caldas. He belongs to the research group ‘TONGUE’. He currently teaches at the School of Languages at UPTC. He was an ESL teacher in North Carolina and a Spanish language teacher in Virginia, USA.
jahir.aguirre@uptc.edu.co    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6859-7216
BERTHA RAMOS-HOLGUÍN
Professor at Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC) in Tunja, Boyacá. She holds a Ph.D. in Educational Sciences from UPTC, and an M.A. in Applied Linguistics for the Teaching of English from Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. She is the leader of the research group ‘TONGUE’. She currently teaches at the School of Languages at UPTC, the M.A. in Language Teaching Program, and the Educational Sciences
Doctoral Program at the same university.
bertha.ramos@uptc.edu.co    https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4468-1402
ILBA YANETH RODRÍGUEZ TAMAYO
Professor at Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC) in Tunja, Boyacá. She holds an M.A. in Applied Linguistics for the Teaching of English from Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. She belongs to the research group ‘AVE’. She currently teaches at the School of Languages, and the M.A. in Language Teaching Program at the UPTC.
ilba.rodriguez@uptc.edu.co    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5220-5951