Feng Bao & Robert H. Deng 
Information and Communications Security 
4th International Conference, ICICS 2002, Singapore, December 9-12, 2002, Proceedings

This volume contains the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on – formation and Communications Security (ICICS2002). The three previous c- ferenceswereheldin Beijing(ICICS97), Sydney(ICICS99)and Xian(ICICS01), where we had an enthusiastic and well-attended event. ICICS2002 is sponsored and organized by the Laboratories for Information Technology, Singapore, in co-operation with the Engineering Research Center for Information Security Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the International C- munications and Information Security Association (ICISA). During the past ?ve years the conference has placed equal emphasis on the theoretical and practical aspects of information and communications security and has established itself as a forum at which academic and industrial people meet and discuss emerging security challenges and solutions. We hope to uphold this tradition by o?ering you yet another successful meeting with a rich and interesting program. The response to the Call For Papers was overwhelming, 161 paper submissions were received. Therefore, the paper selection process was very competitive and di?cult-only41paperswereacceptedandmanygoodpapershadtoberejected. The success of the conference depends on the quality of the program. We are indebted to our program committee members and the external referees for the wonderful job they did.