Board on Health Sciences Policy & Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies 
Examining Challenges and Possible Strategies to Strengthen U.S. Health Security 
Proceedings of a Workshop

As the United States continues to adapt to a more digital, mobile, and interconnected world, health care and public health professionals have sought to better prepare for and respond to long-standing and emerging threats to the nations health security. Health security is the collective effort to prevent, protect against, mitigate, respond to, and recover from the health consequences of natural, man-made, and technological disasters. Although substantial progress has been made in the past 15 years toward improving health care and public health systems and capacities for health security threats, many complex challenges persist, and often the nations preparedness efforts are not sufficient.On March 8"9, 2017, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicines Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies hosted a two-day public workshop to acknowledge these persistent issues; to evaluate past, and perhaps inadequate, approaches to addressing them; and to discuss intentional and innovative new solutions. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.