Christian Ingrao 
Believe and Destroy 
Intellectuals in the SS War Machine

There were eighty of them. They were young, clever and cultivated;
they were barely in their thirties when Adolf Hitler came to power.
Their university studies in law, economics, linguistics, philosophy
and history marked them out for brilliant careers. They chose to
join the repressive bodies of the Third Reich, especially the
Security Service (SD) and the Nazi Party’s elite protection
unit, the SS. They theorized and planned the extermination of
twenty million individuals of allegedly ‘inferior’
races. Most of them became members of the paramilitary death squads
known as Einsatzgruppen and participated in the slaughter of over a
million people.

Based on extensive archival research, Christian Ingrao tells the
gripping story of these children of the Great War, focusing on the
networks of fellow activists, academics and friends in which they
moved, studying the way in which they envisaged war and the
‘world of enemies’ which, in their view, threatened
them. The mechanisms of their political commitment are revealed,
and their roles in Nazism and mass murder. Thanks to this
pioneering study, we can now understand how these men came to
believe what they did, and how these beliefs became so
destructive.

The history of Nazism, shows Ingrao, is also a history of beliefs
in which a powerful military machine was interwoven with personal
experiences, fervour, anguish, utopia and cruelty.

表中的内容

Foreword

Acknowledgments

Glossary

PART ONE: The young men of Germany

Chapter 1: A ‘world of enemies’ (I)

The outbreak of war

The silence of the Akademiker

The ‘time of troubles’: an experience of war?

Chapter 2: Constructing networks

Places to study

Places of association

Networks of solidarity

Chapter 3: Activist intellectuals

The construction of academic knowledge

Knowledge and activism (1919-1933)

‘Combative science’ and SS intellectuals in the Third Reich

The shadow of the Great War

PART TWO: Joining the Nazis: a commitment

Chapter 4: Being a Nazi

The foundations of the doctrine

The origins of Nazi fervour: planning a sociobiological

re-establishment

The appropriation of a system of beliefs

Chapter 5: Entering the SD

Whether to enter the Party or not?

Towards the SD: Nazi careers

Recruitment: a social mechanism of enlistenment

Chapter 6: From struggle to control

From the ‘Security Department of the SS’ (SD) to

the ‘Reich Security Main Office’ (RSHA)

A ‘world of enemies’ (II)

Control

PART THREE : Nazism and violence: the culmination 1939-1945

Chapter 7: Thinking the east, between utopia and anxiety

The curse of Germanic isolation

The Nazi project for a sociobiological re-establishment

Redevelop and settle: forms of Nazi fervour

Chapter 8: Arguing for war: Nazi rhetoric

From the reparative war to the ‘Great Racial War’

From the discourse of security to the discourse of genocide

Expressing violence: defensive rhetorics, utopian rhetorics

Chapter 9: Violence in action

The experience of violence

Demonstrative violence, violence of eradication

A transgressive violence

Violence as rite of initiation

Chapter 10: SS intellectuals confronting defeat

Defeat rendered unreal

Finis Germaniae. The return of the old anxiety

The denouement

Chapter 11: SS intellectuals on trial

Strategies of negation

Strategies of evasion

Strategies of justification: the Ohlendorf case

Conclusion: Memory of war, activism and genocide

Notes

Sources and bibliography

A piece of research and its context

A specific conceptual framework

List of archival collections consulted

Printed sources

Bibliography

关于作者

Christian Ingrao is the director of the Institut de l’histoire du temps présent. A specialist in Nazism and war studies, he also teaches at Sciences-Po. His previous work, Les Chasseurs Noirs, was an international success.